Geometry

java.lang.Object
- com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry

All Implemented Interfaces:

Serializable, Cloneable, Comparable

Direct Known Subclasses:

GeometryCollection, LineString, Point, Polygon
```
public abstract class Geometry
extends Object
implements Cloneable, Comparable, Serializable
```
The base class for all geometric objects.

Binary Predicates
Because it is not clear at this time what semantics for spatial analysis methods involving GeometryCollections would be useful, GeometryCollections are not supported as arguments to binary predicates (other than convexHull) or the relate method.
Set-Theoretic Methods
The spatial analysis methods will return the most specific class possible to represent the result. If the result is homogeneous, a Point, LineString, or Polygon will be returned if the result contains a single element; otherwise, a MultiPoint, MultiLineString, or MultiPolygon will be returned. If the result is heterogeneous a GeometryCollection will be returned.
Because it is not clear at this time what semantics for set-theoretic methods involving GeometryCollections would be useful, GeometryCollections are not supported as arguments to the set-theoretic methods.

Representation of Computed Geometries
The SFS states that the result of a set-theoretic method is the "point-set" result of the usual set-theoretic definition of the operation (SFS 3.2.21.1). However, there are sometimes many ways of representing a point set as a Geometry.
The SFS does not specify an unambiguous representation of a given point set returned from a spatial analysis method. One goal of JTS is to make this specification precise and unambiguous. JTS will use a canonical form for Geometrys returned from spatial analysis methods. The canonical form is a Geometry which is simple and noded:
- Simple means that the Geometry returned will be simple according to the JTS definition of isSimple.
- Noded applies only to overlays involving LineStrings. It means that all intersection points on LineStrings will be present as endpoints of LineStrings in the result.
This definition implies that non-simple geometries which are arguments to spatial analysis methods must be subjected to a line-dissolve process to ensure that the results are simple.
Constructed Points And The Precision Model
The results computed by the set-theoretic methods may contain constructed points which are not present in the input Geometry s. These new points arise from intersections between line segments in the edges of the input Geometrys. In the general case it is not possible to represent constructed points exactly. This is due to the fact that the coordinates of an intersection point may contain twice as many bits of precision as the coordinates of the input line segments. In order to represent these constructed points explicitly, JTS must truncate them to fit the PrecisionModel.
Unfortunately, truncating coordinates moves them slightly. Line segments which would not be coincident in the exact result may become coincident in the truncated representation. This in turn leads to "topology collapses" -- situations where a computed element has a lower dimension than it would in the exact result.

When JTS detects topology collapses during the computation of spatial analysis methods, it will throw an exception. If possible the exception will report the location of the collapse.

#equals(Object) and #hashCode are not overridden, so that when two topologically equal Geometries are added to HashMaps and HashSets, they remain distinct. This behaviour is desired in many cases.
See Also:

Serialized Form

Field Summary

Fields

Modifier and Type	Field and Description
`protected Envelope`	`envelope` The bounding box of this `Geometry`.
`protected GeometryFactory`	`factory` The `GeometryFactory` used to create this Geometry
`protected int`	`SRID` The ID of the Spatial Reference System used by this `Geometry`

Constructor Summary

Constructors

Constructor and Description
`Geometry(GeometryFactory factory)` Creates a new `Geometry` via the specified GeometryFactory.

Method Summary

All Methods

Static Methods

Instance Methods

Abstract Methods

Concrete Methods
Modifier and Type	Method and Description
`abstract void`	`apply(CoordinateFilter filter)` Performs an operation with or on this `Geometry`'s coordinates.
`abstract void`	`apply(CoordinateSequenceFilter filter)` Performs an operation on the coordinates in this `Geometry`'s `CoordinateSequence`s.
`abstract void`	`apply(GeometryComponentFilter filter)` Performs an operation with or on this Geometry and its component Geometry's.
`abstract void`	`apply(GeometryFilter filter)` Performs an operation with or on this `Geometry` and its subelement `Geometry`s (if any).
`Geometry`	`buffer(double distance)` Computes a buffer area around this geometry having the given width.
`Geometry`	`buffer(double distance, int quadrantSegments)` Computes a buffer area around this geometry having the given width and with a specified accuracy of approximation for circular arcs.
`Geometry`	`buffer(double distance, int quadrantSegments, int endCapStyle)` Computes a buffer area around this geometry having the given width and with a specified accuracy of approximation for circular arcs, and using a specified end cap style.
`protected void`	`checkNotGeometryCollection(Geometry g)` Throws an exception if `g`'s class is `GeometryCollection` .
`Object`	`clone()` Creates and returns a full copy of this `Geometry` object (including all coordinates contained by it).
`protected int`	`compare(Collection a, Collection b)` Returns the first non-zero result of `compareTo` encountered as the two `Collection`s are iterated over.
`int`	`compareTo(Object o)` Returns whether this `Geometry` is greater than, equal to, or less than another `Geometry`.
`int`	`compareTo(Object o, CoordinateSequenceComparator comp)` Returns whether this `Geometry` is greater than, equal to, or less than another `Geometry`, using the given `CoordinateSequenceComparator`.
`protected abstract int`	`compareToSameClass(Object o)` Returns whether this `Geometry` is greater than, equal to, or less than another `Geometry` having the same class.
`protected abstract int`	`compareToSameClass(Object o, CoordinateSequenceComparator comp)` Returns whether this `Geometry` is greater than, equal to, or less than another `Geometry` of the same class.
`protected abstract Envelope`	`computeEnvelopeInternal()` Returns the minimum and maximum x and y values in this `Geometry` , or a null `Envelope` if this `Geometry` is empty.
`boolean`	`contains(Geometry g)` Tests whether this geometry contains the specified geometry.
`Geometry`	`convexHull()` Computes the smallest convex `Polygon` that contains all the points in the `Geometry`.
`boolean`	`coveredBy(Geometry g)` Tests whether this geometry is covered by the specified geometry.
`boolean`	`covers(Geometry g)` Tests whether this geometry covers the specified geometry.
`boolean`	`crosses(Geometry g)` Tests whether this geometry crosses the specified geometry.
`Geometry`	`difference(Geometry other)` Computes a `Geometry` representing the points making up this `Geometry` that do not make up `other`.
`boolean`	`disjoint(Geometry g)` Tests whether this geometry is disjoint from the specified geometry.
`double`	`distance(Geometry g)` Returns the minimum distance between this `Geometry` and the `Geometry` g
`protected boolean`	`equal(Coordinate a, Coordinate b, double tolerance)`
`boolean`	`equals(Geometry g)` Tests whether this geometry is equal to the specified geometry.
`boolean`	`equalsExact(Geometry other)` Returns true if the two `Geometry`s are exactly equal.
`abstract boolean`	`equalsExact(Geometry other, double tolerance)` Returns true if the two `Geometry`s are exactly equal, up to a specified distance tolerance.
`void`	`geometryChanged()` Notifies this geometry that its coordinates have been changed by an external party (for example, via a `CoordinateFilter`).
`protected void`	`geometryChangedAction()` Notifies this Geometry that its Coordinates have been changed by an external party.
`double`	`getArea()` Returns the area of this `Geometry`.
`abstract Geometry`	`getBoundary()` Returns the boundary, or an empty geometry of appropriate dimension if this `Geometry` is empty.
`abstract int`	`getBoundaryDimension()` Returns the dimension of this `Geometry`s inherent boundary.
`Point`	`getCentroid()` Computes the centroid of this `Geometry`.
`abstract Coordinate`	`getCoordinate()` Returns a vertex of this `Geometry` (usually, but not necessarily, the first one).
`abstract Coordinate[]`	`getCoordinates()` Returns an array containing the values of all the vertices for this geometry.
`abstract int`	`getDimension()` Returns the dimension of this geometry.
`Geometry`	`getEnvelope()` Returns this `Geometry`s bounding box.
`Envelope`	`getEnvelopeInternal()` Returns the minimum and maximum x and y values in this `Geometry` , or a null `Envelope` if this `Geometry` is empty.
`GeometryFactory`	`getFactory()` Gets the factory which contains the context in which this geometry was created.
`Geometry`	`getGeometryN(int n)` Returns an element `Geometry` from a `GeometryCollection` (or `this`, if the geometry is not a collection).
`abstract String`	`getGeometryType()` Returns the name of this object's `com.vivid.jts.geom` interface.
`Point`	`getInteriorPoint()` Computes an interior point of this `Geometry`.
`double`	`getLength()` Returns the length of this `Geometry`.
`int`	`getNumGeometries()` Returns the number of `Geometry`s in a `GeometryCollection` (or 1, if the geometry is not a collection).
`abstract int`	`getNumPoints()` Returns the count of this `Geometry`s vertices.
`PrecisionModel`	`getPrecisionModel()` Returns the `PrecisionModel` used by the `Geometry`.
`int`	`getSRID()` Returns the ID of the Spatial Reference System used by the `Geometry`.
`Object`	`getUserData()` Gets the user data object for this geometry, if any.
`protected static boolean`	`hasNonEmptyElements(Geometry[] geometries)` Returns true if the array contains any non-empty `Geometry`s.
`protected static boolean`	`hasNullElements(Object[] array)` Returns true if the array contains any `null` elements.
`Geometry`	`intersection(Geometry other)` Computes a `Geometry` representing the points shared by this `Geometry` and `other`.
`boolean`	`intersects(Geometry g)` Tests whether this geometry intersects the specified geometry.
`abstract boolean`	`isEmpty()` Returns whether or not the set of points in this `Geometry` is empty.
`protected boolean`	`isEquivalentClass(Geometry other)` Returns whether the two `Geometry`s are equal, from the point of view of the `equalsExact` method.
`protected boolean`	`isGeometryCollection(Geometry g)`
`boolean`	`isRectangle()`
`boolean`	`isSimple()` Tests whether this `Geometry` is simple.
`boolean`	`isValid()` Tests the validity of this `Geometry`.
`boolean`	`isWithinDistance(Geometry geom, double distance)` Tests whether the distance from this `Geometry` to another is less than or equal to a specified value.
`abstract void`	`normalize()` Converts this `Geometry` to normal form (or canonical form ).
`boolean`	`overlaps(Geometry g)` Tests whether this geometry overlaps the specified geometry.
`IntersectionMatrix`	`relate(Geometry g)` Returns the DE-9IM `IntersectionMatrix` for the two `Geometry`s.
`boolean`	`relate(Geometry g, String intersectionPattern)` Tests whether the elements in the DE-9IM `IntersectionMatrix` for the two `Geometry`s match the elements in `intersectionPattern`.
`abstract Geometry`	`reverse()` Computes a new geometry which has all component coordinate sequences in reverse order (opposite orientation) to this one.
`void`	`setSRID(int SRID)` Sets the ID of the Spatial Reference System used by the `Geometry`.
`void`	`setUserData(Object userData)` A simple scheme for applications to add their own custom data to a Geometry.
`Geometry`	`symDifference(Geometry other)` Returns a set combining the points in this `Geometry` not in `other`, and the points in `other` not in this `Geometry`.
`String`	`toString()`
`String`	`toText()` Returns the Well-known Text representation of this `Geometry`.
`boolean`	`touches(Geometry g)` Tests whether this geometry touches the specified geometry.
`Geometry`	`union()` Computes the union of all the elements of this geometry.
`Geometry`	`union(Geometry other)` Computes a `Geometry` representing all the points in this `Geometry` and `other`.
`boolean`	`within(Geometry g)` Tests whether this geometry is within the specified geometry.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail
- envelope
```
protected Envelope envelope
```
  The bounding box of this Geometry.
- factory
```
protected final GeometryFactory factory
```
  The GeometryFactory used to create this Geometry
- SRID
```
protected int SRID
```
  The ID of the Spatial Reference System used by this Geometry

Constructor Detail
- Geometry
```
public Geometry(GeometryFactory factory)
```
  Creates a new Geometry via the specified GeometryFactory.
  
  Parameters:
  
  factory -

Method Detail

getGeometryType
```
public abstract String getGeometryType()
```
Returns the name of this object's com.vivid.jts.geom interface.

Returns:

the name of this Geometrys most specific com.vividsolutions.jts.geom interface

hasNonEmptyElements
```
protected static boolean hasNonEmptyElements(Geometry[] geometries)
```
Returns true if the array contains any non-empty Geometrys.

Parameters:

geometries - an array of Geometrys; no elements may be null

Returns:

true if any of the Geometrys isEmpty methods return false

hasNullElements
```
protected static boolean hasNullElements(Object[] array)
```
Returns true if the array contains any null elements.

Parameters:

array - an array to validate

Returns:

true if any of arrays elements are null

getSRID
```
public int getSRID()
```
Returns the ID of the Spatial Reference System used by the Geometry.
JTS supports Spatial Reference System information in the simple way defined in the SFS. A Spatial Reference System ID (SRID) is present in each Geometry object. Geometry provides basic accessor operations for this field, but no others. The SRID is represented as an integer.

Returns:

the ID of the coordinate space in which the Geometry is defined.

setSRID
```
public void setSRID(int SRID)
```
Sets the ID of the Spatial Reference System used by the Geometry.
NOTE: This method should only be used for exceptional circumstances or for backwards compatibility. Normally the SRID should be set on the GeometryFactory used to create the geometry. SRIDs set using this method will not be propagated to geometries returned by constructive methods.

See Also:

GeometryFactory

getFactory
```
public GeometryFactory getFactory()
```
Gets the factory which contains the context in which this geometry was created.

Returns:

the factory for this geometry

getUserData
```
public Object getUserData()
```
Gets the user data object for this geometry, if any.

Returns:

the user data object, or null if none set

getNumGeometries
```
public int getNumGeometries()
```
Returns the number of Geometrys in a GeometryCollection (or 1, if the geometry is not a collection).

Returns:

the number of geometries contained in this geometry

getGeometryN
```
public Geometry getGeometryN(int n)
```
Returns an element Geometry from a GeometryCollection (or this, if the geometry is not a collection).

Parameters:

n - the index of the geometry element

Returns:

the n'th geometry contained in this geometry

setUserData
```
public void setUserData(Object userData)
```
A simple scheme for applications to add their own custom data to a Geometry. An example use might be to add an object representing a Coordinate Reference System.
Note that user data objects are not present in geometries created by construction methods.

Parameters:

userData - an object, the semantics for which are defined by the application using this Geometry

getPrecisionModel
```
public PrecisionModel getPrecisionModel()
```
Returns the PrecisionModel used by the Geometry.

Returns:

the specification of the grid of allowable points, for this Geometry and all other Geometrys

getCoordinate
```
public abstract Coordinate getCoordinate()
```
Returns a vertex of this Geometry (usually, but not necessarily, the first one). The returned coordinate should not be assumed to be an actual Coordinate object used in the internal representation.

Returns:

a Coordinate which is a vertex of this Geometry.

getCoordinates
```
public abstract Coordinate[] getCoordinates()
```
Returns an array containing the values of all the vertices for this geometry. If the geometry is a composite, the array will contain all the vertices for the components, in the order in which the components occur in the geometry.
In general, the array cannot be assumed to be the actual internal storage for the vertices. Thus modifying the array may not modify the geometry itself. Use the CoordinateSequence.setOrdinate(int, int, double) method (possibly on the components) to modify the underlying data. If the coordinates are modified, geometryChanged() must be called afterwards.

Returns:

the vertices of this Geometry

See Also:

geometryChanged, CoordinateSequence.setOrdinate(int, int, double)

getNumPoints
```
public abstract int getNumPoints()
```
Returns the count of this Geometrys vertices. The Geometry s contained by composite Geometrys must be Geometry's; that is, they must implement getNumPoints

Returns:

the number of vertices in this Geometry

isSimple
```
public boolean isSimple()
```
Tests whether this Geometry is simple. In general, the SFS specification of simplicity follows the rule:
- A Geometry is simple iff the only self-intersections are at boundary points.
Simplicity is defined for each Geometry subclass as follows:
- Valid polygonal geometries are simple by definition, so isSimple trivially returns true.
- Linear geometries are simple iff they do not self-intersect at points other than boundary points.
- Zero-dimensional geometries (points) are simple iff they have no repeated points.
- Empty Geometrys are always simple
Returns:

true if this Geometry has any points of self-tangency, self-intersection or other anomalous points

See Also:

isValid()

isValid
```
public boolean isValid()
```
Tests the validity of this Geometry. Subclasses provide their own definition of "valid".

Returns:

true if this Geometry is valid

See Also:

IsValidOp

isEmpty
```
public abstract boolean isEmpty()
```
Returns whether or not the set of points in this Geometry is empty.

Returns:

true if this Geometry equals the empty geometry

distance
```
public double distance(Geometry g)
```
Returns the minimum distance between this Geometry and the Geometry g

Parameters:

g - the Geometry from which to compute the distance

Returns:

the distance between the geometries

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if g is null

isWithinDistance
```
public boolean isWithinDistance(Geometry geom,
                                double distance)
```
Tests whether the distance from this Geometry to another is less than or equal to a specified value.

Parameters:

geom - the Geometry to check the distance to

distance - the distance value to compare

Returns:

true if the geometries are less than distance apart.

isRectangle
```
public boolean isRectangle()
```

getArea
```
public double getArea()
```
Returns the area of this Geometry. Areal Geometries have a non-zero area. They override this function to compute the area. Others return 0.0

Returns:

the area of the Geometry

getLength
```
public double getLength()
```
Returns the length of this Geometry. Linear geometries return their length. Areal geometries return their perimeter. They override this function to compute the area. Others return 0.0

Returns:

the length of the Geometry

getCentroid
```
public Point getCentroid()
```
Computes the centroid of this Geometry. The centroid is equal to the centroid of the set of component Geometries of highest dimension (since the lower-dimension geometries contribute zero "weight" to the centroid)

Returns:

a Point which is the centroid of this Geometry

getInteriorPoint
```
public Point getInteriorPoint()
```
Computes an interior point of this Geometry. An interior point is guaranteed to lie in the interior of the Geometry, if it possible to calculate such a point exactly. Otherwise, the point may lie on the boundary of the geometry.

Returns:

a Point which is in the interior of this Geometry

getDimension
```
public abstract int getDimension()
```
Returns the dimension of this geometry. The dimension of a geometry is is the topological dimension of its embedding in the 2-D Euclidean plane. In the JTS spatial model, dimension values are in the set {0,1,2}.
Note that this is a different concept to the dimension of the vertex Coordinates. The geometry dimension can never be greater than the coordinate dimension. For example, a 0-dimensional geometry (e.g. a Point) may have a coordinate dimension of 3 (X,Y,Z).

Returns:

the topological dimension of this geometry.

getBoundary
```
public abstract Geometry getBoundary()
```
Returns the boundary, or an empty geometry of appropriate dimension if this Geometry is empty. (In the case of zero-dimensional geometries, ' an empty GeometryCollection is returned.) For a discussion of this function, see the OpenGIS Simple Features Specification. As stated in SFS Section 2.1.13.1, "the boundary of a Geometry is a set of Geometries of the next lower dimension."

Returns:

the closure of the combinatorial boundary of this Geometry

getBoundaryDimension
```
public abstract int getBoundaryDimension()
```
Returns the dimension of this Geometrys inherent boundary.

Returns:

the dimension of the boundary of the class implementing this interface, whether or not this object is the empty geometry. Returns Dimension.FALSE if the boundary is the empty geometry.

getEnvelope
```
public Geometry getEnvelope()
```
Returns this Geometrys bounding box. If this Geometry is the empty geometry, returns an empty Point. If the Geometry is a point, returns a non-empty Point. Otherwise, returns a Polygon whose points are (minx, miny), (maxx, miny), (maxx, maxy), (minx, maxy), (minx, miny).

Returns:

an empty Point (for empty Geometrys), a Point (for Points) or a Polygon (in all other cases)

getEnvelopeInternal
```
public Envelope getEnvelopeInternal()
```
Returns the minimum and maximum x and y values in this Geometry , or a null Envelope if this Geometry is empty.

Returns:

this Geometrys bounding box; if the Geometry is empty, Envelope#isNull will return true

geometryChanged
```
public void geometryChanged()
```
Notifies this geometry that its coordinates have been changed by an external party (for example, via a CoordinateFilter). When this method is called the geometry will flush and/or update any derived information it has cached (such as its Envelope ).

geometryChangedAction
```
protected void geometryChangedAction()
```
Notifies this Geometry that its Coordinates have been changed by an external party. When #geometryChanged is called, this method will be called for this Geometry and its component Geometries.

See Also:

apply(GeometryComponentFilter)

disjoint
```
public boolean disjoint(Geometry g)
```
Tests whether this geometry is disjoint from the specified geometry.
The disjoint predicate has the following equivalent definitions:
- The two geometries have no point in common
- The DE-9IM Intersection Matrix for the two geometries matches [FF*FF****]
- ! g.intersects(this) (disjoint is the inverse of intersects)
Parameters:

g - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if the two Geometrys are disjoint

See Also:

intersects(com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry)

touches
```
public boolean touches(Geometry g)
```
Tests whether this geometry touches the specified geometry.
The touches predicate has the following equivalent definitions:
- The geometries have at least one point in common, but their interiors do not intersect.
- The DE-9IM Intersection Matrix for the two geometries matches [FT*******] or [F**T*****] or [F***T****]
If both geometries have dimension 0, this predicate returns false
Parameters:

g - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if the two Geometrys touch; Returns false if both Geometrys are points

intersects
```
public boolean intersects(Geometry g)
```
Tests whether this geometry intersects the specified geometry.
The intersects predicate has the following equivalent definitions:
- The two geometries have at least one point in common
- The DE-9IM Intersection Matrix for the two geometries matches [T********] or [*T*******] or [***T*****] or [****T****]
- ! g.disjoint(this) (intersects is the inverse of disjoint)
Parameters:

g - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if the two Geometrys intersect

See Also:

disjoint(com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry)

crosses
```
public boolean crosses(Geometry g)
```
Tests whether this geometry crosses the specified geometry.
The crosses predicate has the following equivalent definitions:
- The geometries have some but not all interior points in common.
- The DE-9IM Intersection Matrix for the two geometries matches
  - [T*T******] (for P/L, P/A, and L/A situations)
  - [T*****T**] (for L/P, A/P, and A/L situations)
  - [0********] (for L/L situations)
For any other combination of dimensions this predicate returns false.
The SFS defined this predicate only for P/L, P/A, L/L, and L/A situations. JTS extends the definition to apply to L/P, A/P and A/L situations as well, in order to make the relation symmetric.
Parameters:

g - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if the two Geometrys cross.

within
```
public boolean within(Geometry g)
```
Tests whether this geometry is within the specified geometry.
The within predicate has the following equivalent definitions:
- Every point of this geometry is a point of the other geometry, and the interiors of the two geometries have at least one point in common.
- The DE-9IM Intersection Matrix for the two geometries matches [T*F**F***]
- g.contains(this) (within is the converse of contains)
An implication of the definition is that "The boundary of a Geometry is not within the Geometry". In other words, if a geometry A is a subset of the points in the boundary of a geomtry B, A.within(B) = false
Parameters:

g - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if this Geometry is within other

See Also:

contains(com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry)

contains
```
public boolean contains(Geometry g)
```
Tests whether this geometry contains the specified geometry.
The contains predicate has the following equivalent definitions:
- Every point of the other geometry is a point of this geometry, and the interiors of the two geometries have at least one point in common.
- The DE-9IM Intersection Matrix for the two geometries matches [T*****FF*]
- g.within(this) (contains is the converse of within)
An implication of the definition is that "Geometries do not contain their boundary". In other words, if a geometry A is a subset of the points in the boundary of a geometry B, B.contains(A) = false
Parameters:

g - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if this Geometry contains g

See Also:

within(com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry)

overlaps
```
public boolean overlaps(Geometry g)
```
Tests whether this geometry overlaps the specified geometry.
The overlaps predicate has the following equivalent definitions:
- The geometries have at least one point each not shared by the other (or equivalently neither covers the other), they have the same dimension, and the intersection of the interiors of the two geometries has the same dimension as the geometries themselves.
- The DE-9IM Intersection Matrix for the two geometries matches [T*T***T**] (for two points or two surfaces) or [1*T***T**] (for two curves)
If the geometries are of different dimension this predicate returns false.
Parameters:

g - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if the two Geometrys overlap.

covers
```
public boolean covers(Geometry g)
```
Tests whether this geometry covers the specified geometry.
The covers predicate has the following equivalent definitions:
- Every point of the other geometry is a point of this geometry.
- The DE-9IM Intersection Matrix for the two geometries matches [T*****FF*] or [*T****FF*] or [***T**FF*] or [****T*FF*]
- g.coveredBy(this) (covers is the converse of coveredBy)
If either geometry is empty, the value of this predicate is false.
This predicate is similar to contains(com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry), but is more inclusive (i.e. returns true for more cases). In particular, unlike contains it does not distinguish between points in the boundary and in the interior of geometries. For most situations, covers should be used in preference to contains. As an added benefit, covers is more amenable to optimization, and hence should be more performant.
Parameters:

g - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if this Geometry covers g

See Also:

contains(com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry), coveredBy(com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry)

coveredBy
```
public boolean coveredBy(Geometry g)
```
Tests whether this geometry is covered by the specified geometry.
The coveredBy predicate has the following equivalent definitions:
- Every point of this geometry is a point of the other geometry.
- The DE-9IM Intersection Matrix for the two geometries matches [T*F**F***] or [*TF**F***] or [**FT*F***] or [**F*TF***]
- g.covers(this) (coveredBy is the converse of covers)
If either geometry is empty, the value of this predicate is false.
This predicate is similar to within(com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry), but is more inclusive (i.e. returns true for more cases).
Parameters:

g - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if this Geometry is covered by g

See Also:

within(com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry), covers(com.vividsolutions.jts.geom.Geometry)

relate
```
public boolean relate(Geometry g,
                      String intersectionPattern)
```
Tests whether the elements in the DE-9IM IntersectionMatrix for the two Geometrys match the elements in intersectionPattern. The pattern is a 9-character string, with symbols drawn from the following set:
- 0 (dimension 0)
- 1 (dimension 1)
- 2 (dimension 2)
- T ( matches 0, 1 or 2)
- F ( matches FALSE)
- * ( matches any value)
For more information on the DE-9IM, see the OpenGIS Simple Features Specification.
Parameters:

other - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

intersectionPattern - the pattern against which to check the intersection matrix for the two Geometrys

Returns:

true if the DE-9IM intersection matrix for the two Geometrys match intersectionPattern

See Also:

IntersectionMatrix

relate
```
public IntersectionMatrix relate(Geometry g)
```
Returns the DE-9IM IntersectionMatrix for the two Geometrys.

Parameters:

other - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

an IntersectionMatrix describing the intersections of the interiors, boundaries and exteriors of the two Geometrys

equals
```
public boolean equals(Geometry g)
```
Tests whether this geometry is equal to the specified geometry.
The equals predicate has the following equivalent definitions:
- The two geometries have at least one point in common, and no point of either geometry lies in the exterior of the other geometry.
- The DE-9IM Intersection Matrix for the two geometries is T*F**FFF*
Note that this method computes topologically equality, not structural or vertex-wise equality.
Parameters:

other - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if the two Geometrys are equal

toString
```
public String toString()
```

toText
```
public String toText()
```
Returns the Well-known Text representation of this Geometry. For a definition of the Well-known Text format, see the OpenGIS Simple Features Specification.

Returns:

the Well-known Text representation of this Geometry

buffer
```
public Geometry buffer(double distance)
```
Computes a buffer area around this geometry having the given width. The buffer of a Geometry is the Minkowski sum or difference of the geometry with a disc of radius abs(distance).
Mathematically-exact buffer area boundaries can contain circular arcs. To represent these arcs using linear geometry they must be approximated with line segments. The buffer geometry is constructed using 8 segments per quadrant to approximate the circular arcs. The end cap style is CAP_ROUND.

The buffer operation always returns a polygonal result. The negative or zero-distance buffer of lines and points is always an empty Polygon. This is also the result for the buffers of degenerate (zero-area) polygons.

Parameters:

distance - the width of the buffer (may be positive, negative or 0)

Returns:

a polygonal geometry representing the buffer region (which may be empty)

Throws:

TopologyException - if a robustness error occurs

See Also:

buffer(double, int), buffer(double, int, int)

buffer
```
public Geometry buffer(double distance,
                       int quadrantSegments)
```
Computes a buffer area around this geometry having the given width and with a specified accuracy of approximation for circular arcs.
Mathematically-exact buffer area boundaries can contain circular arcs. To represent these arcs using linear geometry they must be approximated with line segments. The quadrantSegments argument allows controlling the accuracy of the approximation by specifying the number of line segments used to represent a quadrant of a circle

The buffer operation always returns a polygonal result. The negative or zero-distance buffer of lines and points is always an empty Polygon. This is also the result for the buffers of degenerate (zero-area) polygons.

Parameters:

distance - the width of the buffer (may be positive, negative or 0)

quadrantSegments - the number of line segments used to represent a quadrant of a circle

Returns:

a polygonal geometry representing the buffer region (which may be empty)

Throws:

TopologyException - if a robustness error occurs

See Also:

buffer(double), buffer(double, int, int)

buffer
```
public Geometry buffer(double distance,
                       int quadrantSegments,
                       int endCapStyle)
```
Computes a buffer area around this geometry having the given width and with a specified accuracy of approximation for circular arcs, and using a specified end cap style.
Mathematically-exact buffer area boundaries can contain circular arcs. To represent these arcs using linear geometry they must be approximated with line segments. The quadrantSegments argument allows controlling the accuracy of the approximation by specifying the number of line segments used to represent a quadrant of a circle

The end cap style specifies the buffer geometry that will be created at the ends of linestrings. The styles provided are:
- BufferOp.CAP_ROUND - (default) a semi-circle
- BufferOp.CAP_BUTT - a straight line perpendicular to the end segment
- BufferOp.CAP_SQUARE - a half-square
The buffer operation always returns a polygonal result. The negative or zero-distance buffer of lines and points is always an empty Polygon. This is also the result for the buffers of degenerate (zero-area) polygons.
Parameters:

distance - the width of the buffer (may be positive, negative or 0)

quadrantSegments - the number of line segments used to represent a quadrant of a circle

endCapStyle - the end cap style to use

Returns:

a polygonal geometry representing the buffer region (which may be empty)

Throws:

TopologyException - if a robustness error occurs

See Also:

buffer(double), buffer(double, int), BufferOp

convexHull

public Geometry convexHull()

Computes the smallest convex Polygon that contains all the points in the Geometry. This obviously applies only to Geometry s which contain 3 or more points; the results for degenerate cases are specified as follows:

Number of `Point`s in argument `Geometry`	`Geometry` class of result
0	empty `GeometryCollection`
1	`Point`
2	`LineString`
3 or more	`Polygon`

Returns:: the minimum-area convex polygon containing this Geometry' s points

reverse
```
public abstract Geometry reverse()
```
Computes a new geometry which has all component coordinate sequences in reverse order (opposite orientation) to this one.

Returns:

a reversed geometry

intersection
```
public Geometry intersection(Geometry other)
```
Computes a Geometry representing the points shared by this Geometry and other. GeometryCollections support intersection with homogeneous collection types, with the semantics that the result is a GeometryCollection of the intersection of each element of the target with the argument.

Parameters:

other - the Geometry with which to compute the intersection

Returns:

the points common to the two Geometrys

Throws:

TopologyException - if a robustness error occurs

IllegalArgumentException - if the argument is a non-empty GeometryCollection

union
```
public Geometry union(Geometry other)
```
Computes a Geometry representing all the points in this Geometry and other.

Parameters:

other - the Geometry with which to compute the union

Returns:

a set combining the points of this Geometry and the points of other

Throws:

TopologyException - if a robustness error occurs

IllegalArgumentException - if either input is a non-empty GeometryCollection

difference
```
public Geometry difference(Geometry other)
```
Computes a Geometry representing the points making up this Geometry that do not make up other. This method returns the closure of the resultant Geometry.

Parameters:

other - the Geometry with which to compute the difference

Returns:

the point set difference of this Geometry with other

Throws:

TopologyException - if a robustness error occurs

IllegalArgumentException - if either input is a non-empty GeometryCollection

symDifference
```
public Geometry symDifference(Geometry other)
```
Returns a set combining the points in this Geometry not in other, and the points in other not in this Geometry. This method returns the closure of the resultant Geometry.

Parameters:

other - the Geometry with which to compute the symmetric difference

Returns:

the point set symmetric difference of this Geometry with other

Throws:

TopologyException - if a robustness error occurs

IllegalArgumentException - if either input is a non-empty GeometryCollection

union
```
public Geometry union()
```
Computes the union of all the elements of this geometry. Heterogeneous GeometryCollections are fully supported.
The result obeys the following contract:
- Unioning a set of LineStrings has the effect of fully noding and dissolving the linework.
- Unioning a set of Polygons will always return a Polygonal geometry (unlike {link #union(Geometry)}, which may return geometrys of lower dimension if a topology collapse occurred.
Returns:

See Also:

UnaryUnionOp

equalsExact
```
public abstract boolean equalsExact(Geometry other,
                                    double tolerance)
```
Returns true if the two Geometrys are exactly equal, up to a specified distance tolerance. Two Geometries are exactly equal within a distance tolerance if and only if:
- they have the same class
- they have the same values for their vertices, within the given tolerance distance, in exactly the same order.
If this and the other Geometrys are composites and any children are not Geometrys, returns false.
Parameters:

other - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if this and the other Geometry are of the same class and have equal internal data.

equalsExact
```
public boolean equalsExact(Geometry other)
```
Returns true if the two Geometrys are exactly equal. Two Geometries are exactly equal iff:
- they have the same class
- they have the same values of Coordinates in their internal Coordinate lists, in exactly the same order.
If this and the other Geometrys are composites and any children are not Geometrys, returns false.
This provides a stricter test of equality than equals.
Parameters:

other - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

true if this and the other Geometry are of the same class and have equal internal data.

apply
```
public abstract void apply(CoordinateFilter filter)
```
Performs an operation with or on this Geometry's coordinates. If this method modifies any coordinate values, geometryChanged() must be called to update the geometry state. Note that you cannot use this method to modify this Geometry if its underlying CoordinateSequence's #get method returns a copy of the Coordinate, rather than the actual Coordinate stored (if it even stores Coordinate objects at all).

Parameters:

filter - the filter to apply to this Geometry's coordinates

apply
```
public abstract void apply(CoordinateSequenceFilter filter)
```
Performs an operation on the coordinates in this Geometry's CoordinateSequences. If the filter reports that a coordinate value has been changed, geometryChanged() will be called automatically.

Parameters:

filter - the filter to apply

apply
```
public abstract void apply(GeometryFilter filter)
```
Performs an operation with or on this Geometry and its subelement Geometrys (if any). Only GeometryCollections and subclasses have subelement Geometry's.

Parameters:

filter - the filter to apply to this Geometry (and its children, if it is a GeometryCollection).

apply
```
public abstract void apply(GeometryComponentFilter filter)
```
Performs an operation with or on this Geometry and its component Geometry's. Only GeometryCollections and Polygons have component Geometry's; for Polygons they are the LinearRings of the shell and holes.

Parameters:

filter - the filter to apply to this Geometry.

clone
```
public Object clone()
```
Creates and returns a full copy of this Geometry object (including all coordinates contained by it). Subclasses are responsible for overriding this method and copying their internal data. Overrides should call this method first.

Overrides:

clone in class Object

Returns:

a clone of this instance

normalize
```
public abstract void normalize()
```
Converts this Geometry to normal form (or canonical form ). Normal form is a unique representation for Geometry s. It can be used to test whether two Geometrys are equal in a way that is independent of the ordering of the coordinates within them. Normal form equality is a stronger condition than topological equality, but weaker than pointwise equality. The definitions for normal form use the standard lexicographical ordering for coordinates. "Sorted in order of coordinates" means the obvious extension of this ordering to sequences of coordinates.

compareTo
```
public int compareTo(Object o)
```
Returns whether this Geometry is greater than, equal to, or less than another Geometry.
If their classes are different, they are compared using the following ordering:
- Point (lowest)
- MultiPoint
- LineString
- LinearRing
- MultiLineString
- Polygon
- MultiPolygon
- GeometryCollection (highest)
If the two Geometrys have the same class, their first elements are compared. If those are the same, the second elements are compared, etc.
Specified by:

compareTo in interface Comparable

Parameters:

o - a Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

Returns:

a positive number, 0, or a negative number, depending on whether this object is greater than, equal to, or less than o, as defined in "Normal Form For Geometry" in the JTS Technical Specifications

compareTo
```
public int compareTo(Object o,
                     CoordinateSequenceComparator comp)
```
Returns whether this Geometry is greater than, equal to, or less than another Geometry, using the given CoordinateSequenceComparator.
If their classes are different, they are compared using the following ordering:
- Point (lowest)
- MultiPoint
- LineString
- LinearRing
- MultiLineString
- Polygon
- MultiPolygon
- GeometryCollection (highest)
If the two Geometrys have the same class, their first elements are compared. If those are the same, the second elements are compared, etc.
Parameters:

o - a Geometry with which to compare this Geometry

comp - a CoordinateSequenceComparator

Returns:

a positive number, 0, or a negative number, depending on whether this object is greater than, equal to, or less than o, as defined in "Normal Form For Geometry" in the JTS Technical Specifications

isEquivalentClass
```
protected boolean isEquivalentClass(Geometry other)
```
Returns whether the two Geometrys are equal, from the point of view of the equalsExact method. Called by equalsExact . In general, two Geometry classes are considered to be "equivalent" only if they are the same class. An exception is LineString , which is considered to be equivalent to its subclasses.

Parameters:

other - the Geometry with which to compare this Geometry for equality

Returns:

true if the classes of the two Geometry s are considered to be equal by the equalsExact method.

checkNotGeometryCollection
```
protected void checkNotGeometryCollection(Geometry g)
```
Throws an exception if g's class is GeometryCollection . (Its subclasses do not trigger an exception).

Parameters:

g - the Geometry to check

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if g is a GeometryCollection but not one of its subclasses

isGeometryCollection

protected boolean isGeometryCollection(Geometry g)

computeEnvelopeInternal
```
protected abstract Envelope computeEnvelopeInternal()
```
Returns the minimum and maximum x and y values in this Geometry , or a null Envelope if this Geometry is empty. Unlike getEnvelopeInternal, this method calculates the Envelope each time it is called; getEnvelopeInternal caches the result of this method.

Returns:

this Geometrys bounding box; if the Geometry is empty, Envelope#isNull will return true

compareToSameClass
```
protected abstract int compareToSameClass(Object o)
```
Returns whether this Geometry is greater than, equal to, or less than another Geometry having the same class.

Parameters:

o - a Geometry having the same class as this Geometry

Returns:

a positive number, 0, or a negative number, depending on whether this object is greater than, equal to, or less than o, as defined in "Normal Form For Geometry" in the JTS Technical Specifications

compareToSameClass
```
protected abstract int compareToSameClass(Object o,
                                          CoordinateSequenceComparator comp)
```
Returns whether this Geometry is greater than, equal to, or less than another Geometry of the same class. using the given CoordinateSequenceComparator.

Parameters:

o - a Geometry having the same class as this Geometry

comp - a CoordinateSequenceComparator

Returns:

a positive number, 0, or a negative number, depending on whether this object is greater than, equal to, or less than o, as defined in "Normal Form For Geometry" in the JTS Technical Specifications

compare
```
protected int compare(Collection a,
                      Collection b)
```
Returns the first non-zero result of compareTo encountered as the two Collections are iterated over. If, by the time one of the iterations is complete, no non-zero result has been encountered, returns 0 if the other iteration is also complete. If b completes before a, a positive number is returned; if a before b, a negative number.

Parameters:

a - a Collection of Comparables

b - a Collection of Comparables

Returns:

the first non-zero compareTo result, if any; otherwise, zero

equal

protected boolean equal(Coordinate a,
                        Coordinate b,
                        double tolerance)

Class Geometry

Binary Predicates

Set-Theoretic Methods

Representation of Computed Geometries

Constructed Points And The Precision Model

Field Summary

Fields

Constructor Summary

Constructors

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Field Detail

envelope

factory

SRID

Constructor Detail

Geometry

Method Detail

getGeometryType

hasNonEmptyElements

hasNullElements

getSRID

setSRID

getFactory

getUserData

getNumGeometries

getGeometryN

setUserData

getPrecisionModel

getCoordinate

getCoordinates

getNumPoints

isSimple

isValid

isEmpty

distance

isWithinDistance

isRectangle

getArea

getLength

getCentroid

getInteriorPoint

getDimension

getBoundary

getBoundaryDimension

getEnvelope

getEnvelopeInternal

geometryChanged

geometryChangedAction

disjoint

touches

intersects

crosses

within

contains

overlaps

covers

coveredBy

relate

relate

equals

toString

toText

buffer

buffer

buffer

convexHull

reverse

intersection

union

difference

symDifference

union

equalsExact

equalsExact

apply

apply

apply

apply

clone